ViperSoftX: Hiding in System Logs and Spreading VenomSoftX

We’ve been closely monitoring an information stealer called ViperSoftX. ViperSoftX was first reported on Twitter in 2020, and by Fortinet in the same year. Some aspects of ViperSoftX were also described previously by Colin Cowie. However, it has undergone very intensive development since then, intensifying throughout 2022. The malware authors’ constant game of hide-and-seek in which they continually improve their strategies and techniques to avoid detections shows no signs of stopping. We, therefore, decided to put the pieces together to provide a comprehensive analysis.

This multi-stage stealer exhibits interesting hiding capabilities, concealed as small PowerShell scripts on a single line in the middle of otherwise innocent-looking large log files, among others. ViperSoftX focuses on stealing cryptocurrencies, clipboard swapping, fingerprinting the infected machine, as well as downloading and executing arbitrary additional payloads, or executing commands.

One of the payloads ViperSoftX distributes is a specific information stealer in the form of a browser extension for Chromium-based browsers. Due to its standalone capabilities and uniqueness, we decided to give it its own name, VenomSoftX. The malicious extension provides full access to every page the victim visits, carries out man-in-the-browser attacks to perform cryptocurrency addresses swapping by tampering with API requests’ data on popular cryptocurrency exchanges, steals credentials and clipboard content, tampers with crypto addresses on visited websites, reports events using MQTT to the C&C server, and more.

ViperSoftX is mostly spread via cracked software such as Adobe Illustrator, Corel Video Studio, Microsoft Office, and more, commonly distributed over torrents.

Campaign overview

Since the beginning of 2022, we have protected more than 93,000 of our users. As the malware is mostly spread via torrents and software-sharing sites, ViperSoftX activity is distributed all over the world. The most impacted countries are India (7,000+), USA (6,000+), and Italy (5,000+).

Map illustrating the targeted countries since the beginning of 2022

Monetary gain

Both ViperSoftX and VenomSoftX focus on stealing cryptocurrencies from infected computers, either by scanning local files or by using more sophisticated techniques. In the table below, we show an estimation of the attackers’ total earnings for relevant cryptocurrency wallets.

CryptocurrencyEarnings in cryptocurrency~Earning in USD
Bitcoin5.947 BTC$116,812.81
Ethereum5.312 ETH$7,826.13
Dogecoin34,355.528 DOGE$3,474.47
Bitcoin Cach9.11997194 BCH$1,021.39
Cosmos (ATOM)65.153 ATOM$846.44
Tezos191.445553 XTZ$241.32
Dash4.72446445 DASH$199

Table with monetary gain (data refreshed 2022-11-08)

The amounts in the wallets ViperSoftX and VenomSoftX redirect stolen cryptocurrencies to add up to about $130,421.56, as of November 8, 2022. This is just the amount sent to cryptocurrency wallets, and doesn’t include other possible profits from other activities.

Technical analysis

Overview of the infection chain

From cracked software to fake logs

In the beginning, ViperSoftX is served to victims when they download what they believe to be cracked software. It is commonly named Activator.exe or Patch.exe. Upon execution, however, the victim is infected with ViperSoftX.

Activator.exe extraction

Activator.exe is in fact a loader that decrypts data from itself using AES in CBC mode.

The decryption algorithm performs a checksum as follows:

  1. Read 4 bytes at offset 0x24 from the end of the file which gives an offset
  2. Hash the offset value using SHA256
  3. Read the rest of the bytes (from -0x20) and compare it to the hash

If the checksum holds, the offset points to the location where the data is stored at offset+0x24 from the end of the binary. Since the data is stored from the end of the binary, offset is also the size of the data blob. This blob can be decrypted straight away using a hardcoded key as well as IV inside the binary:

Key71C54C3BCFFCE591A70C0B5BA6448327BC975D89F3021053125F1CB9A7C0AF72
IVC0BA0B56EAC742AFD4CB680EE0EB4FB0

The decrypted data blob is a serialized protocol buffer structure. The structure template contains two protobuf messages as shown below:

We can use this template to deserialize the structure, revealing five different files:

  • A log file with a hidden additional payload resulting in the ViperSoftX PowerShell (see next subsections)
  • XML file for the task scheduler
  • SyncAppvPublishingServer.vbs (clean) that is used to create a scheduled task for persistence
  • Application binary (usually clean) that is supposed to be cracked
  • Manifest file

Last but not least, you can find the extraction Python script in our GitHub repository.

Analyzing the files

The most interesting file is the aforementioned “log file” which is usually more than 5 MB in size and contains a single malicious line of code (usually from 17,302 lines in total, but this might vary in different versions).

This log file is usually named and stored as:
C:\Windows\Logs\system-logs.txt
although we saw variants dropping the same “log” files disguising as a “driver” or a “text” file, e.g.
C:\Windows\System32\Drivers\p4kizn\e12de1ae-2139-45f6-b883-3c58243f23d6.sys
C:\Windows\2ZQ2UoL\5A7C4B54-4404-4424-83DA-CC696BED43D3.txt
where the subfolder names and the GUIDs are randomized.

An example of such a malicious line can be found below. As we will see later, this line actually contains a script that is decoded and executed.

Example of the log file with a single malicious line on the line 17,034

The malware creates a scheduled task using the legacy SyncAppvPublishingServer.vbs script for executing these hidden scripts afterward as well for ensuring persistence. Note that the line number varies depending on the malware configuration provided in the scheduled task.

Hidden Script Variants

We have seen two variants of hidden scripts lurking in the logs so far.

The first variant is a simple dropper that downloads another payload from a hardcoded C&C server and executes it. We have only seen the ViperSoftX information stealer downloaded as a payload so far. We will cover the stealer separately in the subsection below.

The first variant of the PowerShell script – simple dropper

The second variant is in the form of a PowerShell script without the encoding. This script contains two parts, the first one is a set of decryption functions and the second is an encrypted data blob.

Example of the log file with a single malicious line on line 17,034 (second variant)

The script uses AES in CBC mode to decrypt the payload, the ViperSoftX stealer. The AES key is passed via the command line by the scheduled task created by Activator.exe. You can find the decryption process in this CyberChef template.

ViperSoftX Information Stealer

When the payload is dropped, an obfuscated ViperSoftX PowerShell script is presented to us. We have seen multiple variants of ViperSoftX, suggesting that the malware is under active development. In the text below, we will cover the stealer’s features as a whole.

Stealing Capabilities

First, let’s have a look at what ViperSoftX is actually capable of stealing. ViperSoftX performs fingerprinting of the infected machine, focusing on various types of information, including:

  • Computer name
  • Username
  • OS information and its architecture
  • Installed antivirus or other security software and whether the solution is active

The malware focuses on stealing cryptocurrencies. To do so, it searches the typical locations for web browser extensions and locally stored wallets. The full list of locations can be found in the Appendix. More generic information, such as OS, architecture, and username, is obtained using WMI and system variables.

ViperSoftX searches for cryptocurrencies stored locally on the infected device in cryptocurrency software and browser extensions, and monitors the clipboard for cryptocurrency wallet addresses to perform clipboard swapping.

The gathered data, as well as the fingerprint, is then concatenated together into a single string, encoded by base64, and sent to the hardcoded C&C server in the User-Agent HTTP header. Note that C&C servers vary across versions:
http://api.private-chatting[.]com/connect

Each time the victim copies anything to their clipboard, ViperSoftX scans the content using predefined regular expressions in the background. If the expression matches one of the configured wallet addresses belonging to the specific cryptocurrency, the malware replaces the content with the attacker’s address and sends a notification to the C&C server in the X-Notify HTTP header in a form of three values:
Cryptocurrency type - victim’s address - attacker’s address

The cryptocurrency type reflects what type of cryptocurrency was matched and can be one of the following: BTC, BCH, BNB, ETH, XMR, XRP, DOGE, or DASH.

The malware also checks title texts of opened windows (MainWindowTitle property) and if it spots an application focused on cryptocurrencies or finance, it logs its presence into:
%SystemDrive%\Users\Public\log.dat
The full list of searched keywords can be found in the Appendix.

On top of the information-stealing core, ViperSoftX provides RAT functionalities as well, like executing arbitrary commands on the command line, downloading an additional arbitrary payload provided by the C&C server, and executing it, as well as removing itself completely from the system. The RAT functionality can also be used, for example, to steal cryptocurrencies from their locations, which it previously identifies and sends to the C&C server.

Host Header Spoofing

Aside from trying to steal cryptocurrencies, the malware spoofs host headers to obfuscate its communication with the C&C servers.

The spoofed host header consists of five to 10 lowercase alpha letters, but the true destination is in the hardcoded $meta_host variable. This way, the real C&C server address is obfuscated by a random-looking domain that doesn’t exist.

VenomSoftX Browser Extensions

Newer versions of ViperSoftX information stealer are capable of loading a custom malicious browser extension to Chromium-based browsers installed on infected computers. The extension is provided by the C&C server. The extension is basically another standalone information stealer, we are calling VenomSoftX, but is installed by ViperSoftX, as described below. The extension disguises itself as various popular browser extensions to avoid user detection. 

The main goal VenomSoftX is also to steal cryptocurrencies from the unsuspecting victim. The difference is, VenomSoftX mainly does this by hooking API requests on a few very popular crypto exchanges victims visits/have an account with. When a certain API is called, for example, to send money, VenomSoftX tampers with the request before it is sent to redirect the money to the attacker instead. Although similar in principle to what information stealers like ViperSoftX do and rather a common clipboard swapping, this technique is performed at a lower level, meaning the victim has little to no chance of noticing the money is being transferred elsewhere.

Installing the extension

ViperSoftX’s approach is simple. The malware downloads a VenomSoftX PowerShell installer from the C&C server e.g. by base64-decoding a hardcoded request metadata directly from the PowerShell script, following a request to:
http://apps-analyser[.]com/api/v1/<HASH>
depending on the malware version. This can hold different payloads, but we will focus on the VenomSoftX browser extension.

After the installer script is downloaded from the C&C server and the VenomSoftX browser extension is extracted, the installer searches several locations for .lnk files and if such a link file belongs to Chrome, Brave, Opera, or Edge, it modifies the link file with a parameter --load-extension=<path_to_the_malicious_extension>. This way, when the user starts their favorite browser, they actually load the malicious extension with it.

These locations are checked for link files leading to browsers:

  • %USERPROFILE%\Desktop
  • %USERPROFILE%\OneDrive\Desktop
  • %PUBLIC%\Desktop
  • %ALLUSERSPROFILE%\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs
  • %APPDATA%\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs
  • %APPDATA%\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Quick Launch\User Pinned\TaskBar

The extension ID is randomly generated, provided random lowercase characters to represent the extension folder and randomly generated version number of the extension:

$(Get-Random -Minimum 1 -Maximum 10).$(Get-Random -Minimum 1 -Maximum 10).$(Get-Random -Minimum 1 -Maximum 10)._0

We observed further versions of ViperSoftX containing a full update mechanism. These versions were able to walk through the modified .lnk files, parse the manifest.json file of the malicious extension, and when an older version or an old write timestamp of the extension was detected on the infected system than what was advertised by the C&C server, the malware requested an update and replaced the extension files to the newest version by a dedicated command (provided by the C&C server).

The extension tries to disguise itself as well known and common browser extensions such as Google Sheets. In reality, the VenomSoftX is yet another information stealer deployed onto the unsuspecting victim with full access permissions to every website the user visits from the infected browser.

Diving into javascript shenanigans

The extension contains several files, as shown in the table below. Each file has a different purpose:

File namePurpose
128.pngGoogle Sheets icon to disguise the extension
content.bootstrap.jsOrchestrates the malicious activity, sends results using MQTT
manifest.jsonThe extension’s manifest file
rules.jsonURL filter rules for Kucoin
webpack_block.jsRequest tampering and credential theft on Blockchain.com
webpack_bnb.jsRequest tampering and cryptocurrency theft on Binance
webpack_cb.jsRequest tampering and cryptocurrency theft on Coinbase
webpack_common.jsContains an address book for pattern matching, clipboard monitoring and stealing
webpack_content.jsWhen no exchange is detected – attacker’s addresses are replaced on the visited websites with the ones that victim entered earlier
webpack_gt.jsRequest tampering and cryptocurrency theft on Gate.io
webpack_kuc.jsRequest tampering and cryptocurrency theft on Kucoin

The malware focuses on five big cryptocurrency exchanges, reflected by abbreviations in the modules names.

In the paragraphs below, we’ll focus on what each of the modules do, in detail.

content.bootstrap.js

This module is the starting point of VenomSoftX and it is loaded with every site visit. It orchestrates what modules to load and it is also responsible for sending stolen data to the C&C server.

The scripts are loaded depending on the visited domain. The bootstrap checks what site is being loaded and if it is one of the following: Blockchain.com, Binance, CoinBase, Gate.io, or Kucoin, the module loads an appropriate “webpack”. If the user is on any other site, webpack_content.js is loaded. The module webpack_common.js is loaded by default regardless of which site the victim visits.

Determination process which modules to load (deobfuscated)

All the modules serve their own purpose. However, two of the modules, webpack_common.js and webpack_block.js, are capable of sending data back to the collector server using a Paho MQTT client present in the content.bootstrap.js. The MQTT client has an event listener set to a hardcoded value b8b0becb-080a-46af-9688-e3671fcc4166 that indicates data should be sent to an MQTT broker, harvesting the data:
broker.emqx[.]io
Note that the collector address can vary in different versions.

The sent data are structured as follows:
MSG: time: <utc_datetime>
ip: <client_ip>
data: <data>

The time and ip fields are obtained using a public service (https://worldtimeapi.org/api/ip).

The data field is either clipboard content with a cryptowallet and other metadata, or stolen credentials for blockchain.com. See further sections below for details.

webpack_common.js

The “common” module is loaded to every website, regardless of whether it is a cryptocurrency exchange or something else. It is used to define an address book with regular expression patterns, which is used for crypto address matching on several occasions in other modules.

The structure of the address book is in the form of a dictionary, where the key is the regular expression and the value is yet another dictionary containing three values: coin, address, and network. An example of such an address book can be seen in the below snippet. For the full address book, see Appendix.

A snippet of a possible address book (incomplete, deobfuscated)

Furthermore, each time the user pastes anything into any website (except the malicious address from the address book), this module checks whether the clipboard content matches any of the regular expressions from the address book and if they do, it sends the following data to the collector server encoded using base64. The data for the MQTT message has a following construct:

Action

Site: <URL>
Browser: <USER-AGENT>
Clipboard: <CLIPBOARD-WALLET-ADDRESS>
Time: <TIMESTAMP>

webpack_content.js

This module monitors two input elements for content the user fills into websites and it is loaded when the victim is outside of any of the mentioned exchange sites:

  • HTMLInputElement
  • HTMLTextAreaElement

This is done by implementing hooks in getters of these elements to try to find a compatible crypto address for the user’s input and if found, the malware creates new localStorage entry with a combination of visited site and the compatible address:
website_attackerAddress: userAddress
The compatible address is found when the provided address matches any of the regular expressions from the address book described in the previous section.

After that, a custom MutationObserver watches for dynamic changes in the site (e.g. loading the page, displaying a message sent earlier in the user’s messenger client, etc.) and if such a change occurs, the malware replaces all mentions of the malicious address (if found) with the user’s address using the localStorage. This effectively hides all traces of the malicious address in the website’s body.

Note that since the information is stored directly in the persistent localStorage, the functionality survives a browser restart, PC restart, or re-visiting the page anytime in the future. The victim has to clear the user data in their browser or uninstall the malware extension altogether to get rid of the malicious behavior.

For the sake of demonstrating this behavior, we decided to create a demo PoC of a simple page that illustrates the whole process of content tampering while the malware is active:

  1. First two buttons, Attacker address and User address, fill in attacker address or user address to the “Dynamic content to be pasted” line on the webpage
  2. Get value” button triggers the getter but the hook is inactive since the provided address doesn’t match cryptowallet address pattern (it is too short)
  3. The user fills in a compatible address
  4. Get value” button creates a localStorage entry with the entered address
  5. The attacker’s address is always replaced with the one from localStorage
Demo illustrating the content tampering process

Draining the victim’s accounts

As we already mentioned, VenomSoftX focuses on five different crypto exchanges/websites, namely on Blockchain.com, Binance, Coinbase, Gate.io, and Kucoin.

In these modules, the malware tries to tamper with API requests the sites use for several actions like money withdrawal or sending security codes. This is done by creating hooks on the API calls (or rather functions responsible for sending those requests), parsing their structure, and replacing the response’s body with the desired attacker’s contents – commonly meaning that the recipient’s address is replaced by the attacker’s one as well as the amount is set to the value of an available account balance if known. The request is then processed by the malware without the user noticing anything, completely draining the victim’s portfolio as a result.

Note that the user has little to no chance to notice this. In comparison to a rather common clipboard swapping, for example, this “swapping” is performed on a lower level. Since the transactions on blockchains/ledgers are inherently irreversible, when the user checks the transaction history of payments afterward, it is already too late.

The complete list of hooked API functions can be found in the Appendix. The only file that differs from the rest is webpack_block.js. This module focuses on www.blockchain.com and it tries to hook https://blockchain.info/wallet. It also modifies the getter of the password field to steal entered passwords. Once the request to the API endpoint is sent, the wallet address is extracted from the request, bundled with the password, and sent to the collector as a base64-encoded JSON via MQTT.

Since the rest of the hooks are the same on the higher level if we ignore API differences, we will use the Binance module as an illustration example.

The Binance module recognizes six different API calls invoking malicious interactions. When the user logs in to the site, it is expected that at some point the API function
https://www.binance.com/bapi/asset/v3/private/asset-service/asset/get-user-asset
will be called. VenomSoftX then parses and saves all assets available on the victim’s account. When the user tries to manipulate their savings, e.g. withdrawing their money, the malware intercepts the request
https://www.binance.com/bapi/capital/v3/private/capital/withdraw/apply
and tampers with the request body, modifying the address to redirect the money to the attacker’s address if a compatible attacker’s address was found. The amount of the request is also set to the maximum amount available obtained by the previous step. After the tampering, the request is passed further like nothing happened, effectively draining the victim’s wallet.

Conclusion

In this blog post, we took a closer look at ViperSoftX, a long-standing information stealer, and its malicious browser extension payload VenomSoftX. We described both information stealers’ infection chains, and how the original payload hides and decrypts on the infected system.

We described what both ViperSoftX and VenomSoftX steal and how the browser extension leverages its full access to every page the victim visits and carries out man-in-the-browser attacks by silently tampering with the API requests popular cryptocurrency exchanges use, resulting in draining the victim’s accounts.

Indicators of Compromise (IoC)

ViperSoftX

File nameSHA256
Activator.exee1dc058fc8282acb95648c1ee6b0bc36b0d6b5e6853d4f602df5549e67d6d11a
Hidden log script first variant0bad2617ddb7586637ad81aaa32912b78497daf1f69eb9eb7385917b2c8701c2
Hidden log script second variant0cb5c69e8e85f44725105432de551090b28530be8948cc730e4b0d901748ff6f
ViperSoftX PowerShell23b9075dac7dbf712732bb81ecd2c21259f384eb79ae8fdebe29b7c5a12d0519
ViperSoftX’s browser installer5c5202ed975d6647bd157ea494d0a09aac41d686bcf39b16a870422fa77a9add

VenomSoftX

File nameSHA256
content.bootstrap.js3fe448df20c8474730415f07d05bef3011486ec1e070c67683c5034ec76a2fcb
manifest.json0de9a23f88b9b7bda3da989dce7ad014112d88100dceaabca072d6672522be26
rules.json1d6845c7b92d6eb70464a35b6075365872c0ae40890133f4d7dd17ea066f8481
webpack_block.js7107ab14a1760c6dccd25bf5e22221134a23401595d10c707f023f8ca5f1b854
webpack_bnb.jsddee23e2bfd6b9d57569076029371e6e686b801131b6b503e7444359d9d8d813
webpack_cb.js947215a1c401522d654e1d1d241e4c8ee44217dacd093b814e7f38d4c9db0289
webpack_common.js7b75c1150ef10294c5b9005dbcd2ee6795423ec20c512eb16c8379b6360b6c98
webpack_content.jsd7dfc84af13f49e2a242f60804b70f82efff7680cddf07f412667f998143fe9c
webpack_gt.js4da1352e3415faa393e4d088b5d54d501c8d2a9be9af1362ca5cc0a799204b37
webpack_kuc.js705deecbbb6fd4855df3de254057c90150255c947b0fb985ea1e0f923f75a95f

C&C

C&C
api.private-chatting[.]com
apps-analyser[.]com
wmail-blog[.]com
wmail-service[.]com

Appendix

Scripts and tools

  • Extractor for ViperSoftX’s initial payloads (commonly named Activator.exe)
  • CyberChef template for decrypting the second variant of the hidden scripts in logs

List of wallet addresses

CryptocurrencyAddress
ADAaddr1q9c27w7u4uh55sfp64ahtrnj44jkthpe7vyqgcpt73z9lrq7fw3juld8k2ksz2p82tv45j8yc5wzqmr4ladxyt0vjxrsf33mjk
ATOMcosmos1mcah8lel6rxhlqsyrzpm8237cqcuzgyw70nm6f
BNBbnb1u64a2n3jhw4yh73s84rc58v8wxrwp7r8jwakpr
BNBbnb1vmwl54jxj9yvsgz33xtyuvqnurdjy2raqnttkq
BTC1L8EBHDeiHeumtcpcroaxBceXnWFiYU5dh
BTC1Pqkb4MZwKzgSNkaX32wMwg95D9NfW9vZX
BTC32Wx3dsHCCxyJZLwseFYkgeFqVk16tCCcF
BTC3JvBvRuBfYvB6MjzMornj9EQpxhq9W7vXP
BTCbc1qn6ype8u5kgj672mvsez9wz9wt9wk22tzd5vprp
BTCbc1qxgz2g8kn2kg0wqqrmctyxu5n925pnwphzlehaw
BTCqq9yrhef7csy3yzgxgs0rvkvez440mk53gv8ulyu6a
BTCqqh3g98z60rdl05044xxt7gkgncezmdfy5tja99z53
DASHXdxTmTFuHrcHnQQhfweAnHtExFB5BXmU1z
DASHXtwj8uGx77NYBUki1UCPvEhe4kHYi6yWng
DOT122zNSYNN2TSR2H5wBCX16Yyvq7qLFWo1d6Lvw2t9CNxMxt1
DOGEDDxhfK5wbJkRN25mAbBYk3ND4xLjiMRyNq
DOGEDUUNTm23sVwLyiw27WW9ZPT9XfiWhB1Cvf
ETH0x12507F83Dde59C206ec400719dF80D015D9D17B6
ETH0x884467182849bA788ba89300e176ebe11624C882
KAVAkava1emxzwjw84e0re7awgue9kp4gseesyqrttg69sm
SOL7j5bxiFPSsScScBEjLj9qud5Yc2CqXGmembX3hQBdFTd$
USDTTDJLMdJWPrKNMHuxgpQL8QPYgvdXTnWJao
XMR475WGyX8zvFFCUR9ufThrNRtJmzmU13gqH9GV2WgAjbR7FgRVCWzokdfVf2hqvRbDBaMzBm1zpDiBTpBgxLt6d7nAdEEhC4
XMR48qx1krgEGzdcSacbmZdioNwXxW6r43yFSJDKPWZb3wsK9pYhajHNyE5FujWo1NxVwEBvGebS7biW9mjMEWdMevqMGmDJ6x
XRPrH6dyKWNpcvFz6fQ4ohyDbevSxcxdxfSmz
XRPrpzn8Ax7Kz1A4Yi8KqvzV43KYsa59SH2Aq
XTZtz1g6rcQAgtdZc8PNUaTUzrDD8PYuCeVj4mb
ZECt1XjiZx8EydDDRuLisoYyVifcSFb96a3YBj
ZILzil1aw3kyrymt52pq2e4xwzusdfce9e5tmewvshdrm

Also in our GitHub.

ViperSoftX

List of monitored cryptocurrency locations

Complete list in our Github.

List of monitored window titles

Monitored window titles
binance
coinbase
blockchain
voyager
blockfi
coindesk
etoro
kucoin
citi
paxful
paypal
huobi
poloniex
bittrex
kraken
bitfinex
bitstamp

Also in our GitHub.

VenomSoftX

Address book

Complete list in our Github.

List of hooked API calls

Blockchain.com
https://blockchain.info/wallet
Binance
https://www.binance.com/bapi/accounts/v1/protect/account/email/sendEmailVerifyCode
https://www.binance.com/bapi/accounts/v1/protect/account/email/sendMobileVerifyCode
https://www.binance.com/bapi/kyc/v1/private/risk/check/withdraw-pre-check
https://www.binance.com/bapi/capital/v3/private/capital/withdraw/apply
https://www.binance.com/bapi/asset/v3/private/asset-service/asset/get-user-asset
https://www.binance.com/bapi/capital/v1/private/capital/deposit/queryUserDepositAddress
Coinbase
https://www.coinbase.com/api/v3/coinbase.public_api.authed.sends.Sends/CreateSend
https://www.coinbase.com/api/v3/coinbase.public_api.authed.sends.Sends/CreateSendMax
https://www.coinbase.com/api/v3/coinbase.public_api.authed.accounts.Accounts/GetAccounts
https://www.coinbase.com/api/v3/coinbase.public_api.authed.sends.Sends/CommitSend
https://www.coinbase.com/graphql/query?&operationName=ReceiveContentQuery
Gate.io
https://www.gate.io/myaccount/second_confirm
Kucoin
https://www.kucoin.com/_api/payment/withdraw/safe-img
https://www.kucoin.com/_api/payment/withdraw/apply
https://www.kucoin.com/_api/account-front/query/currency-balance
https://www.kucoin.com/_api/payment/deposit-address/get
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